摆脱定势利用语法分析语篇标志排除法解题
摘要: 摆脱定势利用语法分析语篇标志排除法解题利用语法分析解题完形填空题中也有考查语法知识的题目。对于他们，......
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摆脱定势利用语法分析语篇标志排除法解题 利用语法分析解题 完形填空题中也有考查语法知识的题目。对于他们，考生不仅要理解上下文的逻辑关系，更要有针对性地对语法结构、句式特点，对短文中所设空格中需填的词在句子里作什么成分，哪类词合适，应采取什么形式等等进行必要的分析思考，从而迅速解决问题。比如，选用动词就要考虑各种时态、语态、语气、谓语形式、非谓语形式、及物、不及物、持续性质、非持续性质、主谓搭配以及其如何与其它词类配合使用等一系列问题。熟练地掌握基础语法知识并运用其进行分析解答完形填空题是一种非常有效的解题方法。 利用语篇标志解题 语篇一般指比单个句子长的语言单位，如句群，段落、篇章等。语篇与语篇之间往往有表明其内在联系的词语，这些词语可称为语篇标志。如：表示结构层次的语篇标志的词有：firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally等。表示逻辑关系的有：thus， therefore，so等；表示改变话题的有：by the way等 ；表示递进关系的有besides, what is more, further等; 表示时间关系的有 before, so far, yet, meantime, meanwhile, now, later等等。在做完形填空题时，如果能充分利用这些语篇标志语，就可以迅速理清文章脉络，弄清上下文关系。 新概念英语mp3下载 新概念英语听力资源 新概念英语听力下载 利用排除法解题 有时我们会遇上这样的情况：对某个题目的正确选项的含义、用法不甚明了、但发现其它选项却有显而易见的谬误，这时候我们可以试试排除法：将干扰项逐项检查验证，凡发现有错误的选项，立即剔除出选择范围。随着选择范围的缩小，选项的准确率就会不断提高。经过这样分析推敲弃误留正，便会水落石出，找出正确答案。排除法如果运用得好，可以收到事半功倍的效果。 摆脱定势逆向思维 考生如果学习方法不当，对某些知识点进行了过度强调，就会产生思维定势。例如过度强调make sb. do sth.这一结构， 当看到 make sb.时就会不假思索地用不带to的不定式do sth.作宾语补足语。其实make sb. 后面也有可能接不定式短语的。如：The father made a paper tiger to please his son. 不过to please his son不是宾语补足语，而是目的状语。思维定势使一些考生形成猜题的心理。完形填空题中常利用反猜手段设计一些似是而非的题目，利用学生的思维定势，诱导学生“误入歧途”。 总之，完形填空解题时要注意运用适当的技巧，克服急躁心理，试着从上下文角度、文化背景角度、生活常识角度、惯用法和固定搭配及语法和词义角度等多角度来进行分析，也就是把多种方法结合起来。 It was Mother’s Day and I was shopping at the local supermarket with my five-year-old son, Tenyson. As we were 1 , we realized that only minutes earlier an 2 woman had fallen over at the entrance and hit her head on the ground. 3 was with her, but there was blood everywhere and the woman was embarrassed and clearly in shock. 4 a lot of people stopped to help out. 5 we were walking towards the scene, Tenyson became very 6 about what had happened to the elderly couple. He 7 to me, “Mom, it’s not much fun falling over in front of 8 .” Seeing that there was a flower stall（摊位）at the front of the supermarket, he added, “Why shouldn’t we 9 the lady a flower? It will make her feel better.” I was 10 that he’d come up with this 11 idea. So we went over and told the flower seller 12 we wanted. “Just take it,” she replied. “I 13 take your money for such a wonderful 14 .” By now medical staff had arrived, and were 15 the injured woman. We gave the flower to the woman’s husband and I told him it was 16 my son. At that, the old man started crying and said, “Thank you very much.” He then turned to me, “You have a 17 son. Happy Mother’s Day to you.” The man bent down and gave his wife the flower, telling ger who it was from. 18 being badly hurt, the old lady looked up at Tenyson with 19 in her eyes and gave him a little 20 . 1. A. leaving B. driving C. moving D. stopping 2. A. injured B. awkward C. honest D. elderly 3. A. Her husband B. My son C. The crowd D. The seller 4. A. Specifically B. Particularly C. Interestingly D. Fortunately 5. A. If B. Since C. While D. Unless 6. A. guilty B. curious C. angry D. worried 7. A. complained B. said C. lied D. responded 8. A. no one B. someone C. everyone D. anyone 9. A. lend B. bring C. leave D. buy 10.A. amazed B. shocked C. puzzled D. concerned 11. A. wise B. sweet C. innocent D. crazy 12. A. which B. when C. what D. whether 13. A. must not B. can’t C. may not D. needn’t 14. A. scene B. habit C. flower D. deed 15. A. checking with B. looking after C. operating on D. paying for 16. A. from B. to C. with D. about 17. A. respectful B. cheerful C. successful D. wonderful 18. A. Out of B. Regardless of C. Thanks to D. As to 19. A. love B. hope C. pity D. pain 20. A. idea B. money C. smile D. comfort 
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