完形填空题八大失误原因分析解析
摘要: 完形填空题八大失误原因分析解析失误原因1：考生缺乏整体理解和把握上下文段落的衔接与逻辑关系使上下文的......
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完形填空题八大失误原因分析解析 失误原因1：考生缺乏整体理解和把握上下文段落的衔接与逻辑关系 使上下文的衔接自然、流畅、合理，必定有表示前后句的逻辑关系的连接词。由于考生孤立地理解各个句子的意思，缺乏把握段与段之间、句与句之间的逻辑关系，而造成误选答案。 失误原因2：考生缺乏语法结构分析能力 尽管高考完形填空中没有直接考语法，但是在文章中会出现结构词(代词、连词、介词等)和复杂的句子结构(定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句、非谓语从句和省略句等)，这样对语言功底不扎实的考生来说，就难以分析复杂的句式，将问题化繁为简，无法读懂文章的意思，造成误选答案。 失误原因3：考生缺乏对文章和段落的主旨把握能力 有的考生只能理解单个句子, 局限于文章的浅层意思，不能从整体上把握文章，不能从字里行间中有效地分析理解作者的真实意图和把握文章的深层含义，所以无法归纳文章的大意和捕捉行文线索。此外，考生的感受能力欠缺，感受不到作者的真正心声和文章的言外之意。 失误原因4：缺乏复现和共现的解题技巧 功能语言学家韩礼德和哈桑将英语语篇的词汇衔接关系分为两类：复现(reiteration)和同现(collocation)关系。复现，就是相关的单词在不同的地方反复出现，从而使整篇文章上下连贯一致。语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同根词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上下义词复现、解释型复现和代词复现等。完形填空的文章是一个意义相关联的语篇，围绕一个话题阐述，因此在行文中会出现词语、语义的共现现象。由于考生缺乏远距离寻找解题信息的本领，无法联系复现词，或难以找出语境共现，最后导致误选最佳选项。 失误原因5：缺乏扎实的词汇功底一般情况下，该大题要求考生在篇章的整体理解基础上，选择最佳选项，但也有无需理解上下文，只要运用词汇间的搭配关系来确定答案，如逻辑搭配(过渡词，连接手段，指示代词，肯定，否定等)、语义搭配(区别同义词、近义词、反义词等)、结构搭配(名词，动词，形容词等在句中或文中和其他词的搭配)、惯用搭配(即通常说的固定句式和习惯表达方式)以及语境中的词语辨析等。碰到此类型的题目，考生需要扎实的词汇功底，否则就会造成误选。 失误原因6：缺乏上下文语义的逻辑推理能力 注重在语境中考查词义的这一试题特点，很好地反映了从重点测试语言形式转向重点测试语言意义的改革方向，反映了“强调应用，注重交际”的命题原则，但考生只重视个别短语、句子，或拘泥于个别的段落，而忽视了语境、上下文等线索或暗示，则很容易选错答案。 失误原因7：缺乏有关的文化背景知识和生活常识，造成对文章理解的障碍 考生在解题时，不管是从上下文还是从词汇、语法着手都难以找到解题信息，原因是考生不具备一定文化背景知识和生活常识，知识面狭窄，而阻碍了他们对文章理解。 失误原因8：非语言因素影响，缺乏心理定力 考生在做完形填空时，除了语言因素影响他们答题外，还有非语言因素影响他们的答题，第一，由于考生长期形成的不良的答题习惯，即在没有通读全文、弄懂大意和体会文章的脉络与线索情况，就开始答题，有些错误的答案会在大脑中先入为主，在复查时很难发现，造成对文章和段落的主旨把握能力变弱。第二，考生在高中阶段掌握了不少英语基础知识，对一些短语的含义和用法了如指掌，也因此形成了惯性思维，一旦新的语境出现，他们往往根据经验解题，结果是必错无疑。 As a child I was always good at drawing and art.I won 1 ， got constant attention, and even saw my face in the newspaper and on television because of my 2 ability to draw.I internally thought that the entire Metro Detroit area had 3 my artistic talent. I had spent a lot of time drawing and now I was being 4 to the front. Being a shy, nontalkative child, I found this had a huge impact on my 5 and my life.Most people who happen to involve themselves in something that they are good at are 6 to take it and run with it.My life was no 7 .From teachers, to principals, to family members, everyone seemingly had a ton of advice to give me in regards to art.Actually I was desiring something 8 all the while. 9 I was winning art contests and gaining tracking in the field I had an amazing 10 for writing.I entered poetry and essay contests ...and lost them all.It was such a 11 with my artistic competition experience that I didn’t even get honorable mention！It was so 12 that a friend of mine told me once，“If you’re so good at drawing why do you even 13 about anything else？Stick to it！”At twelve this sounded like a prediction.Though it was well 14 ， eighteen years later I’m 15 I didn’t take his words to heart. 16 passed with me still writing and still occasionally entering contests. It wasn’t until my second year in college that I 17 placed in a poetry contest.That doesn’t mean I am great.However, I can say that as a writer I’ve truly grown. 18 ， especially when it comes to things you truly love, is essential. I’m sure there are things in your life that are 19 and yet, rewarding. Believe in yourself and take some time to reinvest some 20 back into the “thing” that didn’t come easy and see what happens. 1．A.trust B．awards C．support D．friendship 2．A.mental B．visual C．natural D．academic 3．A.evaluated B．developed C．revealed D．recognized 4．A.pushed B．attracted C．invited D．accompanied 5．A.reputation B．technique C．confidence D．intelligence 6．A.permitted B．warned C．forbidden D．encouraged 7．A.simple B．smooth C．colorful D．different 8．A.new B．hard C．similar D．realistic 9．A.Since B．While C．Before D．Unless 10．A.fear B．excuse C．appetite D．competence 11．A.struggle B．contrast C．dissatisfaction D．burden 12．A.instructive B．weird C．bitter D．unfair 13．A.care B．write C．complain D．hesitate 14．A.treated B．intended C．expressed D．scheduled 15．A.embarrassed B．disappointed C．impressed D．delighted 16．A.Years B．Patience C．Enthusiasm D．Opportunities 17．A.formally B．convincingly C．hopefully D．eventually 18．A.Interest B．Gift C．Will D．Attention 19．A.challenging B．amazing C．valuable D．enjoyable 20．A.money B．energy C．fantasy D．knowledge 
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